SOCIAL ACTION | DEFINITION OF SOCIAL ACTION (MAX WEBER)
Social Action:
In every field of social life, individuals establish their relationships and form groups. The response or reaction of individuals in these mutual relationships is called social action. So, social action is an act that is associated with some social object, purpose, or aim.
According to Weber:
social action is the internal or external activity of an individual in which he relates subjective meanings.
Four Forms of Social Action:
1. Rational action:
individuals have expectations about the behaviour of others and act to take account of these expectations in order to attain their own rationally chosen outcomes. such actions have ends and objective for an individual age. interview.
2. Evaluative action:
individuals take account of absolute values (beliefs, ethics, aesthetics or another form of behaviour) entirely for their own sake and independently of any prospects of external benefit or success.
3. Emotional actions:
action based on feelings and emotions of the individual and other actors. Such action is unplanned e.g. Zinedine Yazid Zidane football player didi headbutting opponent player in the final match against Italy in 2006 and France lost it.
4. Traditional actions:
actions that are based on long-established and habitually practised traditional expectations. In such action, cultural values play an important role because they are diverted individual's action e.g. to celebrate the anniversary of the elder decease.
Talcott Parsons:
the performing of an action by the actor according to defined goals is called social action.
Talcott Parsons has counted the following elements for social action.
1. Actor: the actor is necessary to perform any social action.
2. Objective: Actor should've some objectives for his action.
3. Social Situation: Action takes place in the presence of a social situation. For example, during elections, acts of robbery and theft are increases.
4. Norms: Norms or a code is quite essential for any action to ger it completed.
5. Force consumption: Force consumption is quite essential for any action because force noting is possible.
Examples of Social action:
- study of a student to create competition.
- the speech of a speaker
- vote casting in elections
- treatment of doctor to patient
- point out the black marketers
- take part in the building of a mosque
- discourage politics in colleges by the principal
- to drive a bus
- launch welfare programs by philanthropist
- help a blind crossing a road.
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